Sat, Dec 6th, 2025, 9:41UTC
 
RS Chart
Assessment - Resources in Pound sterling - 11/19/07 - RS = 32
historical assessment - show freshest
 ⇐ 
  instrument freshest Δday 11/19/07 Δwk 4/09/07  prc diff Δ32   ∅-RS
real-time RS chart chart add note SOM Resources 284.668  8/12/24 0.79 151.202 125.414 25.788 20.56   16.92 
real-time RS chart chart add note Fortescue Metals 7.926  8/12/24 -1.35 2.390 0.914 1.476 161.59   151.92 
real-time RS chart chart add note Mineral Resources 21.613  8/12/24 -3.79 2.433 1.183 1.250 105.60   109.84 
real-time RS chart chart S add note China Petrol&Chem 0.431  8/12/24 0.15 1.263 0.568 0.695 122.36   94.83 
real-time RS chart chart L add note JSW Steel 11.351  8/12/24 1.35 1.206 0.605 0.601 99.35   90.90 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Eramet 51.629  8/12/24 5.24 209.242 111.278 97.964 88.04   88.03 
real-time RS chart chart add note Reliance Industries 36.146  8/12/24 -0.93 8.697 4.193 4.504 107.42   79.46 
real-time RS chart chart L add note China Shenhua HK 2.021  8/12/24 1.57 2.460 1.199 1.261 105.17   64.93 
real-time RS chart chart L add note CNOOC 1.235  8/12/24 -0.80 0.762 0.398 0.364 91.59   64.01 
real-time RS chart chart add note Galp Energia 13.601  8/12/24 0.16 9.998 5.118 4.879 95.34   75.49 
real-time RS chart chart add note Rio Tinto 4,942.000  8/12/24 0.56 4,174.300 2,577.440 1,596.860 61.96   56.15 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Tata Steel 1.882  8/12/24 0.16 1.015 0.608 0.407 67.03   50.42 
real-time RS chart chart add note México 4.728  8/12/24 1.09 1.155 0.843 0.312 37.02   33.81 
real-time RS chart chart add note Sinopec 0.310  8/12/24 0.61 0.619 0.434 0.185 42.72   32.73 
real-time RS chart chart add note PetroChina 0.417  8/12/24 0.842 0.545 0.297 54.56   30.70 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Posco Holdings 173.928  8/12/24 0.61 288.596 200.934 87.662 43.63   30.82 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Fortum 10.158  8/12/24 1.24 21.287 15.348 5.939 38.70   35.55 
real-time RS chart chart add note BHP 17.659  8/12/24 -0.54 17.372 12.221 5.151 42.15   33.65 
real-time RS chart chart add note ONGC 4.223  8/12/24 2.63 2.351 1.729 0.623 36.01   30.84 
real-time RS chart chart add note Bharat Petroleum 4.125  8/12/24 0.429 0.310 0.120 38.60   29.04 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Kinross Gold 6.124  8/12/24 5.15 9.044 7.330 1.714 23.38   35.61 
real-time RS chart chart add note Barrick Gold 13.073  8/12/24 9.37 20.727 14.333 6.394 44.61   32.87 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Wheaton Precious 39.299  8/12/24 2.56 7.654 5.647 2.007 35.55   31.31 
real-time RS chart chart add note Citic Pacific 0.444  8/12/24 2.320 1.899 0.421 22.18   13.98 
real-time RS chart chart add note Aluar 143.917  8/12/24 -2.73 0.937 0.812 0.125 15.40   12.09 
  instrument freshest Δday 11/19/07 Δwk 4/09/07  prc diff Δ32   ∅-RS
real-time RS chart chart add note Naturgy 15.870  8/12/24 0.36 30.578 25.264 5.314 21.03   22.38 
real-time RS chart chart add note Imperial Oil 51.633  8/12/24 3.95 25.541 19.366 6.176 31.89   25.34 
real-time RS chart chart add note Santos 3.311  8/12/24 -0.91 5.836 4.364 1.471 33.71   20.95 
real-time RS chart chart add note Antofagasta 1,879.500  8/12/24 1.79 657.500 522.750 134.750 25.78   14.26 
real-time RS chart chart S add note S-Oil 34.679  8/12/24 -0.61 43.548 35.615 7.933 22.28   11.95 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Woodside Energy 11.045  8/12/24 -0.27 20.726 16.527 4.199 25.41   19.70 
real-time RS chart chart add note Agnico-Eagle Mines 52.718  8/12/24 3.52 25.336 19.255 6.081 31.58   23.75 
real-time RS chart chart add note Ternium Argentina 137.700  8/12/24 -2.32 0.301 0.278 0.024 8.50   8.36 
real-time RS chart chart add note ArcelorMittal 14.358  8/12/24 0.30 99.483 84.061 15.422 18.35   18.62 
real-time RS chart chart add note Channel Infra 0.560  8/12/24 0.66 2.842 2.308 0.534 23.12   12.63 
real-time RS chart chart add note Suncor Energy 27.856  8/12/24 2.28 25.041 20.364 4.677 22.97   20.04 
real-time RS chart chart add note Rubis 19.595  8/12/24 0.22 11.807 10.720 1.086 10.13   15.22 
real-time RS chart chart L add note First Quantum 7.979  8/12/24 2.77 8.364 6.915 1.449 20.96   19.33 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Halliburton 15.272  8/12/24 1.23 17.685 16.583 1.103 6.65   4.58 
real-time RS chart chart add note OMV 27.816  8/12/24 1.56 35.023 31.539 3.484 11.05   13.48 
real-time RS chart chart add note Cdn Nat Resources 24.547  8/12/24 2.68 8.844 7.423 1.421 19.14   17.33 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Korea Zinc 275.099  8/12/24 0.78 72.227 65.924 6.303 9.56   5.19 
real-time RS chart chart add note Chevron 70.576  8/12/24 0.02 41.381 38.399 2.982 7.77   3.66 
real-time RS chart chart add note Subsea 7 17.076  8/12/24 0.79 11.746 9.425 2.321 24.63   12.33 
real-time RS chart chart add note Northern Star 6.109  8/12/24 0.64 0.045 0.043 0.002 4.64   10.73 
real-time RS chart chart add note Norsk Hydro 5.108  8/12/24 0.95 6.425 5.706 0.719 12.60   11.35 
real-time RS chart chart add note Exxon Mobil 57.913  8/12/24 0.13 40.934 39.066 1.868 4.78   0.93 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Anglo American 2,232.500  8/12/24 0.29 2,862.000 2,780.000 82.000 2.95   3.71 
real-time RS chart chart add note Inpex 8.974  8/09/24 1.39 11.866 10.157 1.708 16.82   7.02 
real-time RS chart chart add note Equinor 27.051  8/12/24 3.19 14.794     2.69 
  instrument freshest Δday 11/19/07 Δwk 4/09/07  prc diff Δ32   ∅-RS
real-time RS chart chart add note Osaka Gas 14.749  8/09/24 -2.49 9.596 9.705 -0.109 -1.13   4.73 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Umicore 8.064  8/12/24 -0.88 10.574 9.630 0.944 9.80   6.45 
real-time RS chart chart add note BP 439.600  8/12/24 1.35 572.500 554.500 18.000 3.25   1.04 
real-time RS chart chart add note Enbridge 26.836  8/12/24 0.60 8.649 7.458 1.191 15.96   9.01 
real-time RS chart chart add note Shell 23.567  8/12/24 0.93 19.417 16.879 2.538 15.04   5.00 
real-time RS chart chart add note TotalEnergies 44.043  8/12/24 0.60 38.542 35.745 2.796 7.82   3.84 
real-time RS chart chart add note Hellenic Petroleum 5.045  8/12/24 0.14 7.664 7.405 0.259 3.50   3.65 
real-time RS chart chart add note Eldorado Gold 11.633  8/12/24 4.82 14.998 15.906 -0.908 -5.71   5.19 
real-time RS chart chart add note voestalpine 15.756  8/12/24 -0.18 35.038 36.752 -1.715 -4.67   1.44 
real-time RS chart chart add note Idemitsu Kōsan 4.425  8/09/24 3.67 2.721 2.963 -0.242 -8.16   -0.95 
real-time RS chart chart add note Repsol 9.109  8/12/24 0.67 17.754 17.294 0.460 2.66   -0.24 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Acerinox 6.533  8/12/24 0.05 12.181 12.217 -0.036 -0.29   -0.75 
real-time RS chart chart add note YPF 4,270.099  8/12/24 1.85 19.272 22.067 -2.795 -12.66   -9.90 
real-time RS chart chart add note Vallourec 9.541  8/12/24 -0.59 2,706.685 2,628.886 77.799 2.96   -1.67 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Salzgitter 10.868  8/12/24 -1.23 76.855 78.432 -1.578 -2.01   -4.54 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Tenaris 9.155  8/12/24 0.71 11.083 11.685 -0.602 -5.15   -4.92 
real-time RS chart chart add note Outokumpu 2.313  8/12/24 0.31 36.686 39.958 -3.272 -8.19   -6.93 
real-time RS chart chart add note Cameco 26.861  8/12/24 -1.09 19.912 23.298 -3.386 -14.53   -5.55 
real-time RS chart chart add note Tokyo Gas 14.793  8/09/24 -0.03 11.020 13.651 -2.631 -19.28   -10.82 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Motor Oil Hellas 15.571  8/12/24 1.21 11.946 14.293 -2.347 -16.42   -9.73 
real-time RS chart chart add note Teck Resources 31.906  8/12/24 2.36 18.277 18.102 0.176 0.97   -6.65 
real-time RS chart chart add note Kobe Steel 7.140  8/09/24 1.62 15.555 19.453 -3.898 -20.04   -13.26 
real-time RS chart chart add note Nippon Steel 13.886  8/09/24 1.83 27.118 34.371 -7.253 -21.10   -15.20 
real-time RS chart chart add note Mitsui Ming & Smltg 18.425  8/09/24 6.64 20.287 27.516 -7.229 -26.27   -15.40 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Aurubis 45.956  8/12/24 1.02 15.271 16.838 -1.567 -9.31   -13.99 
  instrument freshest Δday 11/19/07 Δwk 4/09/07  prc diff Δ32   ∅-RS
real-time RS chart chart add note Pacific Metals 5.876  8/09/24 5.59 48.242 71.925 -23.683 -32.93   -27.31 
real-time RS chart chart add note Boliden 23.518  8/12/24 1.33 6.593 11.982 -5.389 -44.98   -38.35 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Aker BP 23.065  8/12/24 2.05       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Aperam 17.883  8/12/24 -0.63       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Bluescope Steel 8.934  8/12/24 -0.44 24.559 28.279 -3.720 -13.16   -1.05 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Borr Drilling 6.033  8/12/24 2.88       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Cenovus Energy 13.053  8/12/24 3.28       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart L add note China Hongqiao 0.621  8/12/24 1.33       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Coal India 6.483  8/12/24 -1.10       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Diamondback Energy 97.961  8/12/24 0.76       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Endeavour Mining 1,567.000  8/12/24 1.89       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Eneos 3.005  8/09/24 1.55       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Franco-Nevada 85.153  8/12/24 2.47       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Fresnillo 540.000  8/12/24 0.93       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Glencore 410.250  8/12/24 1.27       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Peñoles 10.760  8/12/24 -0.26       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note PetroChina 0.571  8/12/24 -0.34 2.496     -na- 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Pilbara Minerals 1.295  8/12/24 -2.93 0.185     -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Shaanxi Coal 1.514  8/12/24 2.12       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart L add note SOUTH32 1.273  8/12/24 -0.34       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Sumitomo Metal 15.958  8/09/24 1.59       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Tourmaline Oil 30.361  8/12/24 4.20       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Vår Energi 3.120  8/12/24 1.89       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Vulcan Steel 2.588  8/12/24 0.14       -na- 
real-time RS chart chart add note Zhejiang Huayou 1.459  8/12/24 -0.27       -na- 
  instrument freshest Δday 11/19/07 Δwk 4/09/07  prc diff Δ32   ∅-RS
real-time RS chart chart add note Zijin Mining 1.007  8/12/24 0.13       -na- 
 Resources - 76 out of 100 instruments rated - 11/19/07 / 4/09/07 - 57 did rise, Market-Ratio(32) in GBP = 75.00 % 
 
Technical Chart
Resources RS = 32 - B/S = 72/70
Market Chart
1/04/21 scale up chart 7/01/24
 


Transactions Resources in Pound sterling * A32 - 72/70 (1)
 ⇐ 
L/Sdate buy date selldays instrumentsplpieces prc buyprc sellps shortprc diffd %assetyield 
1/02/06 7/17/06 196    - cash -
short 7/17/06   7/24/06 7  RT RS QC  YPF 100  436   22.929  22.705 23.156  0.226 1  10,099 67  
long 7/24/06   9/04/06 42  RT RS QC  Kunlun Energy 100  31,847   0.317  0.312    -0.005 -2  9,930 -14  
short 9/04/06   1/15/07 133  RT RS QC  Ternium Argentina 100  36,925   0.269  0.279 0.259  -0.010 -4  9,575 -10  
long 1/15/07   2/12/07 28  RT RS QC  China Northern Rare 100  94,834   0.101  0.104    0.003 3  9,905 56  
short 2/12/07   3/26/07 42  RT RS QC  Surgutneftegaz 100  1,613   6.140  6.488 5.793  -0.347 -6  9,344 -40  
long 3/26/07   4/02/07 7  RT RS QC  IM BaoTou Steel 100  69,500   0.134  0.138    0.004 3  9,626 369  
short 4/02/07   4/09/07 7  RT RS QC  Surgutneftegaz 100  1,593   6.040  6.125 5.954  -0.086 -1  9,489 -53  
long 4/09/07   8/06/07 119  RT RS QC  China Northern Rare 100  61,770   0.154  0.280    0.126 82  17,273 528  
short 8/06/07   9/03/07 28  RT RS QC  Maurel et Prom 100  2,022   8.539  9.764 7.314  -1.225 -14  14,795 -87  
long 9/03/07  11/19/07 77  RT RS QC  China Northern Rare 100  49,559   0.299  0.306    0.008 3  15,181 13  
short 11/19/07   5/25/09 553  RT RS QC  Boliden 100  2,302   6.593  4.928 8.821  2.228 34  20,309 21  
long 5/25/09   4/26/10 336  RT RS QC  Fresnillo 100  2,870   7.075  8.400    1.325 19  24,111 21  
short 4/26/10  12/13/10 231  RT RS QC  Ovintiv 100  1,102   21.866  17.665 27.065  5.200 24  29,841 40  
long 12/13/10   6/06/11 175  RT RS QC  China Northern Rare 100  19,971   1.494  2.444    0.949 64  48,800 179  
short 6/06/11  12/24/12 567  RT RS QC  Outokumpu 100  2,384   20.466  5.577 75.102  54.636 267  179,051 131  
long 12/24/12   3/04/13 70  RT RS QC  Motor Oil Hellas 100  26,297   6.809  7.429    0.620 9  195,355 58  
short 3/04/13   9/15/14 560  RT RS QC  Eldorado Gold 100  6,155   31.738  23.247 43.330  11.592 37  266,702 22  
long 9/15/14   9/22/14 7  RT RS QC  Aluar 100  500,449   0.533  0.582    0.049 9  291,366 9,968  
short 9/22/14   7/25/16 672  RT RS QC  Petroleum Geo-Srvcs 100  77,382   3.765  1.683 8.422  4.657 124  651,727 55  
long 7/25/16   5/22/17 301  RT RS QC  Fresnillo 100  36,072   18.067  15.950    -2.118 -12  575,344 -14  
short 5/22/17   1/08/18 231  RT RS QC  Seadrill 100  5,466   105.247  52.879 209.475  104.228 99  1,145,056 197  
long 1/08/18   2/12/18 35  RT RS QC  Sumitomo Metal 100  3,199,885   0.358  0.313    -0.045 -13  1,000,922 -75  
short 2/12/18  10/26/20 987  RT RS QC  Eldorado Gold 100  237,018   4.223  9.959 0.000  -4.223 -100  3 -100  
long 10/26/20  11/30/20 35  RT RS QC  Ternium Argentina 100  5   0.550  0.500    -0.050 -9  3 -63  
short 11/30/20   2/08/21 70  RT RS QC  Channel Infra 100  8   0.311  0.252 0.382  0.072 23  3 195  
L/Sdate buy date selldays instrumentsplpieces prc buyprc sellps shortprc diffd %assetyield 
long 2/08/21   8/23/21 196  RT RS QC  First Quantum 100  0   13.823  14.414    0.591 4  3 0  
short 8/23/21   9/06/21 14  RT RS QC  Vallourec 100  0   5.853  6.348 5.358  -0.495 -8  3 0  
long 9/06/21   9/20/21 14  RT RS QC  Tata Steel 100  22   0.142  0.125    -0.018 -12  3 -97  
short 9/20/21   4/04/22 196  RT RS QC  Vallourec 100  0   5.553  9.654 1.453  -4.101 -74  3 0  
long 4/04/22   4/25/22 21  RT RS QC  Eramet 100  0   130.538  110.506    -20.032 -15  3 0  
short 4/25/22   2/06/23 287  RT RS QC  Fortum 100  0   13.533  12.485 14.670  1.136 8  3 0  
long 2/06/23   3/20/23 42  RT RS QC  YPF 100  0   18.491  14.753    -3.738 -20  3 0  
short 3/20/23   4/03/23 14  RT RS QC  Vår Energi 100  1   1.958  2.119 1.798  -0.160 -8  3 -89  
long 4/03/23   4/10/23 7  RT RS QC  YPF 100  0   18.113  18.726    0.612 3  3 0  
short 4/10/23   4/17/23 7  RT RS QC  Vår Energi 100  1   2.029  2.015 2.043  0.014 1  3 42  
long 4/17/23   4/24/23 7  RT RS QC  YPF 100  0   18.858  19.543    0.685 4  3 0  
short 4/24/23   5/01/23 7  RT RS QC  Zhejiang Huayou 100  0   5.790  6.017 5.562  -0.228 -4  3 0  
long 5/01/23   6/05/23 35  RT RS QC  YPF 100  0   18.319  19.270    0.951 5  3 0  
short 6/05/23   4/01/24 301  RT RS QC  Zhejiang Huayou 100  0   5.558  3.289 9.392  3.834 69  3 0  
long 4/01/24   6/17/24 77  RT RS QC  YPF 100  0   20.301  23.263    2.963 15  3 0  
short 6/17/24   8/12/24 56  RT RS QC  Umicore 100  0   11.392  9.588 13.536  2.144 19  3 0  
accum 7/17/06 8/12/247082 days out of 7278 invested (97%) -100 3 -35  

Instrument Related Contribution
 instrumentL/Sdate buy date selldaysprc buyprc sellps shortprc diffd %total 
 Outokumpushort  6/06/11 12/24/1256720.475.5875.1054.64 266.95266.95 
 China Northern Rarelong  1/15/07  2/12/07280.100.100.00 3.45 
 long  4/09/07  8/06/071190.150.280.13 82.03 
 long  9/03/07 11/19/07770.300.310.01 2.60 
 long 12/13/10  6/06/111751.492.440.95 63.53215.97 
 Petroleum Geo-Srvcsshort  9/22/14  7/25/166723.771.688.424.66 123.68123.68 
 Seadrillshort  5/22/17  1/08/18231105.2552.88209.47104.23 99.0399.03 
 Zhejiang Huayoushort  4/24/23  5/01/2375.796.025.56-0.23 -3.93 
 short  6/05/23  4/01/243015.563.299.393.83 68.9962.34 
 Bolidenshort 11/19/07  5/25/095536.594.938.822.23 33.7933.79 
 Ovintivshort  4/26/10 12/13/1023121.8717.6627.075.20 23.7823.78 
 Channel Infrashort 11/30/20  2/08/21700.310.250.380.07 23.0823.08 
 Umicoreshort  6/17/24  8/12/245611.399.5913.542.14 18.8218.82 
 Aluarlong  9/15/14  9/22/1470.530.580.05 9.259.25 
 Motor Oil Hellaslong 12/24/12  3/04/13706.817.430.62 9.119.11 
 Fortumshort  4/25/22  2/06/2328713.5312.4914.671.14 8.398.39 
 Fresnillolong  5/25/09  4/26/103367.088.401.33 18.73 
 long  7/25/16  5/22/1730118.0715.95-2.12 -11.724.81 
 First Quantumlong  2/08/21  8/23/2119613.8214.410.59 4.274.27 
 YPFshort  7/17/06  7/24/06722.9322.7023.160.23 0.99 
 long  2/06/23  3/20/234218.4914.75-3.74 -20.21 
 long  4/03/23  4/10/23718.1118.730.61 3.38 
 long  4/17/23  4/24/23718.8619.540.69 3.63 
 long  5/01/23  6/05/233518.3219.270.95 5.19 
 long  4/01/24  6/17/247720.3023.262.96 14.594.06 
 instrumentL/Sdate buy date selldaysprc buyprc sellps shortprc diffd %total 
 IM BaoTou Steellong  3/26/07  4/02/0770.130.140.00 3.013.01 
 Kunlun Energylong  7/24/06  9/04/06420.320.31-0.01 -1.68-1.68 
 Surgutneftegazshort  2/12/07  3/26/07426.146.495.79-0.35 -5.66 
 short  4/02/07  4/09/0776.046.135.95-0.09 -1.42-7.00 
 Vår Energishort  3/20/23  4/03/23141.962.121.80-0.16 -8.19 
 short  4/10/23  4/17/2372.032.022.040.01 0.68-7.56 
 Tata Steellong  9/06/21  9/20/21140.140.12-0.02 -12.34-12.34 
 Ternium Argentinashort  9/04/06  1/15/071330.270.280.26-0.01 -3.57 
 long 10/26/20 11/30/20350.550.50-0.05 -9.12-12.37 
 Sumitomo Metallong  1/08/18  2/12/18350.360.31-0.05 -12.59-12.59 
 Maurel et Promshort  8/06/07  9/03/07288.549.767.31-1.23 -14.35-14.35 
 Erametlong  4/04/22  4/25/2221130.54110.51-20.03 -15.35-15.35 
 Vallourecshort  8/23/21  9/06/21145.856.355.36-0.50 -8.46 
 short  9/20/21  4/04/221965.559.651.45-4.10 -73.84-76.06 
 Eldorado Goldshort  3/04/13  9/15/1456031.7423.2543.3311.59 36.52 
 short  2/12/18 10/26/209874.229.960.00-4.22 -100.00-100.00 


Annotations
6/11/24Cdn Nat Resourcesstock split 1:2 (two for one)
7/28/22Tata Steelstock split 1:10 (ten for one)
6/01/22Woodside Petroleummergered with OilGas business of BHP
5/25/20Vallourecreverse split 40:1 (one for fourty)
4/08/19Idemitsu Kōsanreplaces Showa Shell after acquisition
1/01/19Eldorado Goldreverse stock split 5:1 (five become one)
7/03/18Gas Naturalrenames Naturgy Energy
5/16/18Statoilis now called Equinor
9/07/17Reliance Industriesstock split 1:2 (two for one)
7/28/17Rubisstock split 1:2 (two for one)
7/17/17Bharat Petroleumstock split 2:3 (three for two)
5/22/17Silver Wheatonis now called Wheaton Precious Metals
5/18/17ArcelorMittalreverse stock split 3:1 (one for three)
ISIN change from LU0323134006 to LU1598757687
3/09/17Fortescue Metalsreturns to the ASX 50
12/15/16ONGCstock split 2:3 (three for two)
10/03/16Det Norskemerger with BP Norge establishing Aker BP
8/17/15Rohstoffecomplete analysis
5/11/15Franco-Nevadaregistered
3/15/15Resourcesfirst complete analysis